GroundWater
In both rural
and urban India groundwater is the important source of drinking
water. For industrial and agricultural sector also it is important
source of water.
In many parts
of the world the increased demand for water has led to water
scarcity. Due to improper management of water resources, India
is heading towards a freshwater crisis which in turn is leading
to unsafe water supply to millions of people. This crisis
is caused by human actions.
India’s
domestic need for water has increased because of population
and changing lifestyles. Pollution of water is deteriorating
the quality of groundwater.
CAUSES
OF CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER:-
There has been lack of efficiency
in water usage and lack of attention in water conservation.
The problem today is pollution of water, air and land which
inturn is pollution of groundwater. The pollution of environment
is due to the waste generated from solid, liquid and gas which
are not treated properly.
Industrial waste
has also polluted groundwater. Water pollution has affected
over 45 million around the world.
MEASURES
TO IMPROVE CONTAMINATION OF GROUNDWATER:-
Problems like water logging, industrial effluents, and salinity
should all be looked into carefully. There is a need to regenerate
groundwater aquifers, as there is high dependence for drinking
water in the urban cities. Rainwater harvesting should be
made compulsory in many cities. This will reduce saltwater
ingress and rise in groundwater level.
The government
should implement effective ground water legislation through
local institutions.
Making the communities
aware of freshwater crisis and getting them involved in conservation
and development activities will contribute in the success
of freshwater crisis. In 1974 the parliament passed the water
prevention and control Act in India and was adopted by all
the states by 1990.
